Author Profiling in Social Media: Age, Gender and Language Variety Identification

Tesis doctoral escrita por Francisco Manuel Rangel Pardo en la Universitat Politècnica de València, bajo la dirección del PhD. Paolo Rosso. La tesis fue defendida el 3 de junio de 2016 en la misma universidad, ante el tribunal compuesto por los doctores Núria Bel de la Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Raquel Martínez Unanue de la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) y Rafael Berlanga Llavorí de la Universitat Jaume I. La tesis fue calificada con la puntuación de Sobresaliente Cum Laude.PhD thesis written by Francisco Manuel Rangel Pardo at the Universitat Politècnica de València, under the supervision of PhD. Paolo Rosso. The thesis was defended on June 3rd 2016, with the commitee formed by the doctors Núria Bel from Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Raquel Martínez Unanue from Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) and Rafael Berlanga Llavorí from Universitat Jaume I. The thesis was graded with Excellent Cum Laude.Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente financiado por Autoritas Consulting SA (http://www.autoritas.net)

XIV Congreso Internacional de Historia Agraria. Badajoz, 7, 8 y 9 de noviembre de 2013

Crónica

On the multilingual and genre robustness of EmoGraphs for author profiling in social media

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24027-5_28Author profiling aims at identifying different traits such as age and gender of an author on the basis of her writings. We propose the novel EmoGraph graph-based approach where morphosyntactic categories are enriched with semantic and affective information. In this work we focus on testing the robustness of EmoGraphs when applied to age and gender identification. Results with PAN-AP-14 corpus show the competitiveness of the representation over genres and languages. Finally, some interesting insights are shown, for example with topic and emotion bounded genres such as hotel reviews.The research has been carried out in the framework of the European Commission WIQ-EI IRSES (no. 269180) and DIANA - Finding Hidden Knowledge in Texts (TIN2012-38603-C02) projects. The work of the first author was partially funded by Autoritas Consulting SA and by Spanish Ministry of Economics under grant ECOPORTUNITY IPT-2012-1220-430000.Rangel, F.; Rosso, P. (2015). On the multilingual and genre robustness of EmoGraphs for author profiling in social media. En Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction: 6th International Conference of the CLEF Association, CLEF'15, Toulouse, France, September 8-11, 2015, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing. 274-280. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24027-5_28S274280Argamon, S., Koppel, M., Fine, J., Shimoni, A.: Gender, genre, and writing style informal written texts. TEXT 23, 321–346 (2003)Levin, B.: English Verb Classes and Alternations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1993)Mohammad, S.M., Yang, T.: Tracking sentiment in mail: how gender differ on emotional axes. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Computational Approaches to Subjectivity and Sentiment Analysis (2011)Pennebaker, J.W.: The Secret Life of Pronouns: What Our Words Say About Us. Bloomsbury Press (2011)Rangel, F., Rosso, P.: On the impact of emotions on author profiling. Information Processing & Management, Special Issue on Emotion and Sentiment in Social and Expressive Media (in press, 2015)Rangel, F., Rosso, P., Chugur, I., Potthast, M., Trenkmann, M., Stein, B., Verhoeven, B., Daelemans, W.: Overview of the 2nd author profiling task at pan 2014. In: Cappellato L., Ferro N., Halvey M., Kraaij, W. (eds.) CLEF 2014 Labs and Workshops, Notebook Papers. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 1180 (2014)Rangel, F., Rosso, P., Koppel, M., Stamatatos, E., Inches, G.: Overview of the author profiling task at pan 2013. In: Forner, P., Navigli, R., Tufis, D. (eds.) Notebook Papers of CLEF 2013 LABs and Workshops. CEUR-WS.org, vol. 1179 (2013)Sidorov, G., Miranda-Jimnez, S., Viveros-Jimnez, F., Gelbukh, F., Castro-Snchez, N., Velsquez, F., Daz-Rangel, I., Surez-Guerra, S., Trevio, A., Gordon-Miranda, J.: Empirical study of opinion mining in spanish tweets. In: 11th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI, pp. 1–4 (2012)Strapparava, C., Valitutti, A.: Wordnet-affect: an affective extension of wordnet. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Lisbon (2004

Author Profiling in Social Media: The Impact of Emotions on Discourse Analysis

[EN] In this paper we summarise the content of the keynote that will be given at the 5th International Conference on Statistical Language and Speech Processing (SLSP) in Le Mans, France in October 23¿25, 2017. In the keynote we will address the importance of inferring demographic information for marketing and security reasons. The aim is to model how language is shared in gender and age groups taking into account its statistical usage. We will see how a shallow discourse analysis can be done on the basis of a graph-based representation in order to extract information such as how complicated the discourse is (i.e., how connected the graph is), how much interconnected grammatical categories are, how far a grammatical category is from others, how different grammatical categories are related to each other, how the discourse is modelled in different structural or stylistic units, what are the grammatical categories with the most central use in the discourse of a demographic group, what are the most common connectors in the linguistic structures used, etc. Moreover, we will see also the importance to consider emotions in the shallow discourse analysis and the impact that this has. We carried out some experiments for identifying gender and age, both in Spanish and in English, using PAN-AP-13 and PAN-PC-14 corpora, obtaining comparable results to the best performing systems of the PAN Lab at CLEF.The research work described in this paper was partially carried out in the framework of the SomEMBED project (TIN2015-71147-C2-1-P), funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO).Rosso, P.; Rangel-Pardo, FM. (2017). Author Profiling in Social Media: The Impact of Emotions on Discourse Analysis. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 10583:3-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68456-7_1S31810583Blondel, V.D., Guillaume, J.L., Lambiotte, R., Lefebvre, E.: Fast unfolding of communities in large networks. J. Stat. Mech.: Theory Exp. 2008(10), 10008 (2008)Bonacich, P.: Factoring and weighting approaches to clique identification. J. Math. Soc. 2(1), 113–120 (1972)Brandes, U.: A faster algorithm for betweenness centrality. J. Math. Soc. 25(2), 163–177 (2001)Carreras, X., Chao, I., Padró, L., Padró, M.: FreeLing : an open-source suite of language analyzers. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2004) (2004)Díaz Rangel, I., Sidorov, G., Suárez-Guerra, S.: Creación y evaluación de un diccionario marcado con emociones y ponderado para el español. Onomazein 29, 23 (2014). (in Spanish)Ekman, P.: Universals and cultural differences in facial expressions of emotion. In: Symposium on Motivation, Nebraska, pp. 207–283 (1972)Forner, P., Navigli, R., Tufis, D. (eds.): CLEF 2013 Evaluation Labs and Workshop, Working Notes Papers, September 2013, Valencia, Spain, vol. 1179, pp. 23–26. CEUR-WS.org (2013)Koppel, M., Argamon, S., Shimoni, A.: Automatically categorizing written texts by author gender. Literay Linguist. Comput. 17(4), 401–412 (2003)Latapy, M.: Main-memory triangle computations for very large (sparse (power-law)) graphs. Theor. Comput. Sci. (TCS) 407(1–3), 458–473 (2008)Levin, B.: English Verb Classes and Alternations. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1993)Mann, W.C., Thompson, S.A.: Rhetorical structure theory: toward a functional theory of text organization. Text-Interdiscip. J. Study Discourse 8(3), 243–281 (1988)Meina, M., Brodzinska, K., Celmer, B., Czokow, M., Patera, M., Pezacki, J., Wilk, M.: Ensemble-based classification for author profiling using various features notebook for PAN at CLEF 2013. In: Forner et al. [7]Padró, L., Stanilovsky, E.: FreeLing 3.0: towards wider multilinguality. In: Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC 2012) (2012)Lopez-Monroy, A.P., Montes-Gomez, M., Jair Escalante, H., Villasenor-Pineda, L., Villatoro-Tello, E.: INAOEs participation at PAN13: author profiling task. Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2013. In: Forner et al. [7]Pennebaker, J.W., Mehl, M.R., Niederhoffer, K.: Psychological aspects of natural language use: our words, our selves. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 54, 547–577 (2003)Pennebaker, J.W.: The Secret Life of Pronouns: What Our Words Say About Us. Bloomsbury Press, London (2011)Rangel, F., Hernández, I., Rosso, P., Reyes, A.: Emotions and irony per gender in Facebook. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Emotion, Social Signals, Sentiment & Linked Open Data (ES3LOD), LREC-2014, Reykjavik, Iceland, 26–31 May 2014, pp. 68–73 (2014)Rangel, F., Rosso, P., Koppel, M., Stamatatos, E., Inches, G.: Overview of the author profiling task at PAN 2013. In: Forner et al. [7]Rangel, F., Rosso, P., Chugur, I., Potthast, M., Trenkmann, M., Stein, B., Verhoeven, B., Daelemans, W.: Overview of the 2nd author profiling task at PAN 2014. In: Cappellato, L., Ferro, N., Halvey, M., Kraaij, W. (eds.) Notebook Papers of CLEF 2014 LABs and Workshops, vol. 1180, pp. 951–957. CEUR-WS.org (2014)Rangel, F., Rosso, P.: On the multilingual and genre robustness of EmoGraphs for author profiling in social media. In: Mothe, J., Savoy, J., Kamps, J., Pinel-Sauvagnat, K., Jones, G.J.F., SanJuan, E., Cappellato, L., Ferro, N. (eds.) CLEF 2015. LNCS, vol. 9283, pp. 274–280. Springer, Cham (2015). doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-24027-5_28Rangel, F., Rosso, P.: On the impact of emotions on author profiling. Inf. Process. Manag. 52(1), 73–92 (2016)Schler, J., Koppel, M., Argamon, S., Pennebaker, J.W.: Effects of age and gender on blogging. In: AAAI Spring Symposium: Computational Approaches to Analyzing Weblogs, AAAI, pp. 199–205 (2006)Soler-Company, J. Wanner, L.: Use of discourse and syntactic features for gender identification. In: The Eighth Starting Artificial Intelligence Research Symposium. Collocated with the 22nd European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 215–220 (2016)Soler-Company, J., Wanner, L.: On the relevance of syntactic and discourse features for author profiling and identification. In: 15th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL), Valencia, Spain, pp. 681–687 (2017)Strapparava, C., Valitutti, A.: WordNet affect: an affective extension of WordNet. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, Lisboa, pp. 1083–1086 (2004)Watts, D.J., Strogatz, S.H.: Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature 393(6684), 409–410 (1998)Yang, Y., Pedersen, J.O.: A comparative study on feature selection in text categorization. In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML, pp. 412–420 (1997

S\'aez-Ballester and Einstein-massless-scalar systems are one and the same theory!

In this paper we demonstrate that S\'aez-Ballester theory (SBT) is not a scalar-tensor theory (STT) of gravity as widely acknowledged. Moreover, SBT is identified with the (minimally coupled) Einstein-massless-scalar (EMS) theory. We discuss on several known solutions of SBT and we show that these are also solutions of the EMS system and viceversa. Cosmological arguments are also considered.Comment: 6 pages, no figures. The longstanding misconception on the (incorrect) classification of S\'aez-Ballester theory as a scalar-tensor theory is amended. Bibliographic references added and acknowledgements modifie